Metal-planing machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. W. PUTNAM.

l METAL PLANING MACHINE.

No. 336,065. Patented Feb. 9, 1886.

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

S. W. PUTNAM.

METAL PLANING MACHINE.

No. 336,065. Patentedeb. 9, 1886.

'NTTED STATES SAL-HOBT V. PUTNAM, OF FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

METAL-PLANI NG MACHINE.

SPECEELATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,065, dated February 9, 1886.

Application tiled December 24, 1885. Serial No. 186,607. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SALMON W. PUTNAM, a citizen of the United States, residing in Fitchburg, in the county of Vorcesterand State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metal-Planing Machines, of which 'the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication, in whicl Figure l is a perspective view of a metalplaning machine with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same with the ram removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through the line x m of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the rack-bars on the under side of theram.

Y My invention relates to machines for plan ing metals; and it consists of the several combinations of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

In the drawings, A represents the casing of my machine. B is the driving-pulley, and C is the pulley for reversing the motion of the ram. The drivingpulley is driven by acrossbelt, and the reversing-pulley by a straight hielt, operated from a counter-shaft by steam or any suitable power. A hollow shaft, D, runs transversely through the machine and carries near each end friction-clutches E E', rigidly attached thereto, for a purpose hereinafter explained. The shaft D carries on its center a loose sleeve, F, to which is rigidly attached a spiral pinion, G, the angle of the spiral being about twelve degrees from ahorizontal line through the shaft. I do not contine myselfto any particular angle; but Ihave ascertained by practical experience that this angle secures the desired effect. The sleeve F is rigidly secured to an inner shaft, H, by means of a pin, I, working in a slot made through the hollow shaft D, so as to allow the sleeve and its spiral pinion a slight lateral movementonthehollow shaft. Theinnershaft, H, extends entirely through the hollow shaft, and has secured on its ends the driving and reversingpulleys, as shown in Fig. 3, the length ofthe inner shaft being suiciently extended to allow the pulleys B and C to be removed from the friction-clitches E E, or for either clutch to be brought into action, as may be desired. It is evident that if both pulleys be removed from contact with the clutches, the ram will cease its movements. lt is equally evident that if the driving-wheel be forced sufficiently far from its clutch to bring the opposite pulley in contact with its clutch the reversingpulley will act on the ram and cause it to move back; and if the reversing-pulley be thrown sufficiently far from its clutch by the movement of the inner shaft, H, the driving-pulley will be brought in contact with its clutch, and the ram will again be moved forward. Ihave ascertained by actual experience that the best results are produced by giving the exterior faces of the clutches an angle of about six de` grecs from the horizontal line of the shaft.

In order to conveniently move or ship the inner shaft and the pulleys in or ont, as desired, I have arranged a convenient shipper, I', provided with the two arms J J', by which to operate a crank-arm, l, at its lower -end, which in turn moves the lever-arm K, attached to the rod L. This rod passes transversely through the machine and slides freely back and forth as operated on by the lever K. On the rod L is formed a shoulder, against which rests the plate M, secured rigidly in position by the screw-nut N. The lower edge of the plate M is hollowed out, so as to fit snugly into an annular' groove cut in the sleeve F, whereby as the rod L is moved from or toward either pulley, the plate M acts simultaneously on the sleeve F, and gives it and the inner shaft, H, a corresponding movement, thus tightening the pulleys or releasing them from the clutches at will. 'Ihis maybe accomplished by either of the arms J J, the arm J being moved by the hand of the operator, and the arm J by coming in contact with the shipper-dogs P on the ram. It is evident that when the ram is moving forward under the action of the driving-wheel, if a shipper-dog comes in contact with the arm J the arm will be thrown forward and the driving-pulley will be thrown out of gear with its clutch, thus;

bringing into play the reversing-pulley, and

on the backward movement, when the arm again strikes a dog, the direction of the ram will be instantly reversed, and its movement will be forward. In the meantime theoperator, by means of the arm J, can stop the machine or reverse the action of the ram at pleasure.

On the shaft R and meshing with the spiral pinion G is the spiral gear-Wheel S, having the angle of the spiral, corresponding with an gle of the pinion, and on shaft R are pinions T, meshing with and operating the cog-gearing U, which in turn meshes into the rackbars on the under side of the ram, thereby giving the forward and backward motion to the ram. On the bottom of the ram I place two raclcbars, W, to be operated by the two trains of gearing, with the cogs in one train overlapping those of the other-that is, when a cog in one train of gears is just leaving the pitch-line a cog in the other train is just entering t-he pitch-line, the pitch-line being the neutral point of contact between the two gears. The objectofthis double-rack arrangement is to give a smoother motion to the ram than could be obtained by a single rack, particularly after the cogs have been worn. e

An important result of my spiral gear is to make the machine automatically adjustable. When resistance from the ram is felt through the train of gears, the pressure of the inclined cogs of the spiral gear and pinion causes the latter to have a lateral movement or thrust, which increases the contact between the pulleys and their clutches. Thus it will be seen that the greater the load or resistance tobe overcome by the cutting-tool the tight-er the inclined faces of the pulleys and vfrictionclutches are brought together, thus making my machine to automatically adjust itself to its work; or, in other words, it absorbs power from the driving-pulleys in proportion to,Y the work being done. It is also evident that this action of my spiral gear will compensate for wear and is self adjusting. l

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a metal-planing machine, the hollow shaft D, friction-clutches E E'. and mechanism for operating the same, in combination with the inner shaft, H, and pulleys B and C, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a metal-planing machine, the hollow shaft D, provided with the friction-clutches E E', and the inner shaft, H, provided with the pulleys B and/C, in combination with the sleeve F, rigidly attached to the rod L, and provided with an annular groove, the plate M, the rod L, and the lever K. all constructed to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The rod L and lever K, in combination with the` shipper l. provided with the arms J J and crank-arm I, and the shipper-dogs I?, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4,. The shaft provided with the spiral p inion G, and suitable mechanism for operating the same, in combination with the spira! gear S, arranged to givea lateral thrust to the shaft, substantially as herein set forth.

5. Thespiral gear S and pinions T, in combination with he cog-gearing U, substantially as herein described.

6. In a metal-planing machine, the two trains of coggearing U, in combination with the double rack bars W, with the cogs on one train overlapping those on the other, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

sALMoN w. PUTNAM'. 

